[WaterForum] Problems in Water Supply System

 

Dear All,
 
Peace Greetings!
 
I am working in North-Eastern Afghanistan in an international NGO working on water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion. The whole project area is mountanious whose height ranging from 4000 to 7000 feet amsl. The temperature ranges from 38C in summer to 10 C (-ve) in winter. We are using HDPE pipes for bringing water from springs to water reservoirs and then community tap stands. The water supply schemes are gravity fed and there are frequent depressions from source to storage tank. Now we are facing the following problems;
 
1- In winter, if we close the tap, water become freeze inside the pipe and which is very difficult for community to melt the water in the pipes or in the tap stand.
 
2- To avoid this problem, we have to open the taps 24 hours so water keeps flowing but if we do this, then water storage tank (some where at mountains) become empty, because the yeild of spring is not enought to keep the water taps running 24 hours. If tank become empty then the remaining water in tank (dead storage) become freeze which further creates problems.
 
Can somebody gives a useful suggestion to avoid above problems. Keeping in view that the rural communities here are extreamly poor and illitrate and might not be able to cater for expensive solution?
 
(Note: Once the project is completed then communities are responsible for O&M of the system)
 
Best regards,
 
Habib ur Rehman
Badakshan-Afghanistan
Cell # 0093 799 762425

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